Thucydides Accounts of the Degradation of Athenian Honor

Thucydides account of the Peloponnesian war served as a window into Athenian societal culture. Carrying the reader from Pericles moving speech to the assembly, through Cleon and Diodotus oratory battle over the fate of Mytilene, and finally to the Athenian proposal to the Melians, Thucydides detailed the transformation of Athens from a state based on justice and freedom to a empire with a corrupted soul. This corruption did not occur over night, but was the result of increasing tyrannical behavior by the part of Athens in its interactions with other Greek city states. The stages of this development can be analyzed into three parts: Pericles war speech, the dialogue on Mytilene, and the Melian debate. Pericles speech was propagated by the horn of war against the Lacedaemonians. In the midst of the conflict, the Athenians called an assembly to determine their course of action. Their choices were to either agree to Spartas demands, which included dismantling the siege of Potidaea, freei ng Aegina from their rule, and cancelling their embargo of Megara, or war. At this juncture, the prime Athenian statesman, Pericles, presented his advice: never give in. For Pericles, Athens can never subjugate itself to any power and must fight for its autonomy. In order to win the war, Athens must focus on its people and avoid mistakes. They cannot base their campaign on saving their property, but keeping the integrity of their forces. This stance is exemplified as Pericles said,Show MoreRelatedEssay The Greek Economy2993 Words   |  12 Pagesevidence on Greek civilization comes from literary works. The majority of which comes from Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, Demosthenes, Plato and Aristotle. While they cover all aspects of the Greek world, they concentrate more on political, military and diplomatic history, in particular, that of Athens. This gives us a biased and prejudiced view of both the own author’s opinions and that of the Athenian society. As such, any evid ence must be treated with caution, and while we cannot say with complete

Essay about Socrates and Platos The Republic - 2163 Words

Socrates and Platos The Republic Throughout his life, Socrates engaged in critical thinking as a means to uncover the standards of holiness, all the while teaching his apprentices the importance of continual inquiry in accordance with obeying the laws. Socrates primarily focuses on defining that which is holy in The Euthyphro – a critical discussion that acts as a springboard for his philosophical defense of the importance of lifelong curiosity that leads to public inquiry in The Apology. Socrates continues his quest for enlightenment in The Crito, wherein he attempts to explain that while inquiry is necessary, public curiosity has its lawful price, thus those who inquire must both continue to do so and accept the lawful consequences†¦show more content†¦Their knowledge, unlike non-philosophers, comes from a greater understanding of the truth. Socrates describes the process for acquiring this higher understanding of the truth in the allegory of the cave. All individuals spend some, if not the entirety of their life in what Socrates describes as, â€Å"a cave with a long passageway stretching between [them] and the cave’s mouth,† (Sterling and Scott 209). Cave dwellers find contentment in the shadows on the wall of the cave, never desiring to uncover the root of the shadows and counter fit images. They, unlike philosophers, possess little courage, and desire never to be freed of their shackles and blinders. Philosophers, the minority population of cave dwellers, are those prisoners who not only escape bondage, but have an overwhelming urge to journey outside the cave once they are freed: â€Å"One prisoner is freed from his shackles. He is suddenly compelled to stand up, turn around, walk and look toward the light,† (Sterling and Scott 210). The journey from darkness to light, as painted by Socrates, involves pain, confusion, ridicule, and sometimes death; however, those who journey towards the light ultimately re ach a greater awareness of true reality, not the disguised reality of shadows and false images on the cave’s walls. Socrates states, â€Å"It is a conversion, a turning of the soul away from the day whose light is darkness to the true day. It is the accent toShow MoreRelatedSocrates And Ideal Education In Platos The Republic867 Words   |  4 Pages[Opening Statement] In Plato’s The Republic his mentor, Socrates, discusses what the ideal education should include. He claims that â€Å"the rearing in music is most sovereign,† and makes an argument to defend his stance (80; bk.3, ln.401, par. d). Education for Socrates is not informative (this is how â€Å"education† is mostly viewed in modern times; just filling one’s mind with information), rather, he sees education as a formative tool to shape the soul of an individual. Socrates views music in a muchRead MoreThe Tripartite of the Soul that Socrates Discussed in Platos Republic1429 Words   |   6 PagesIn this paper I will be discussing the tripartite (three parts) of the soul that Socrates discussed in chapter 6 of Plato’s Republic, and I will compare and contrast them to that of Aristotle and Anthony Kenny. In Plato’s Republic the three parts of the soul consist of the rational, spirited and, desire. In this dialogue the three parts of the soul go hand and hand with three parts of a just society. The desire or appetite of the soul is what controls our want for the pleasures of life. An exampleRead MoreThe Ethical Egoist: Whats the Problem in Plato’s The Republic, Socrates824 Words   |  3 PagesIn Plato’s The Republic, Socrates tries to explain the value of justice to man. Other educated Athenians challenge him, however Socrates pokes holes in all of their statements. Socrates argues that there are many problems with their views on social philosophy, especially when it comes to Thrasymachus’ idea of ethical egoism. Plato delivers his view of justice through Socrates when he responds to Thrasymachus, Glaucon, and Cephalus on the issue. Throughout the discussion, Plato never argues againstRead MoreThe Ethical Egoist in Platos Republic Essay989 Words   |  4 Pagesof ethical egoism is displayed in Book I of Platos The Republic. In this Book, Plato introduces the idea of ethical egoism, explains the political problem posed by it, and addresses the probl em through the words of Socrates. I will use this paper to explain and clarify the arguments for and against the concept of ethical egoism, with specific focus on the political problem it poses and the proper approach to addressing that problem, in terms of Platos social philosophy. Before addressing theRead MoreIs Plato s The Republic? Essay1134 Words   |  5 Pagesalso have similar influences on people. One such text is Plato’s The Republic. As said by Professor Jon Dorbolo of Oregon State University, â€Å"The Republic is considered by many to be Plato s masterwork. It certainly is one of the most important texts of political theory.† While reading this text, several different messages begin to reveal themselves throughout the text. Some of the most important ideas that can be found within Plato’s Republic, include, humans are inherently good, people should performRead MoreAnalyzing The Thoughts Of Ancient Philosophers932 Words   |  4 PagesAnalyzing the Thoughts of Ancient Philosophers 3 Major Ideas from The Republic Books 1-5 The Republic is exemplary in showing the knowledge of the philosophers of Socrates and Plato’s day. Socrates’ argument of â€Å"what justice is† shows many dynamics and layers within his mind. Socrates will never start a conversation with someone else without being able to get a new thought completely fabricated from their own mind. He is a very intelligent philosopher; proven by the fact that he can jump start aRead MoreGuthrie Essay 854 Words   |  4 Pagesis shown by Plato’s personality and interests, such as his concern for politics depicted in Plato’s Republic. The next, experience, explains why Plato has fixations with the ideas he possesses and the final piece to the equation, previous philosophers, is self-explanatory that earlier thinkers, like Socrates, become significant influences. As stated in Guthrie’s The Greek Philosophers, Plato had two motives for being a deep thinker. The first was basically to pick up where Socrates had left offRead More Observations on the Writing Profession in The Republic by Plato1393 Words   |  6 PagesQuestioning of the Writing Profession Plato’s The Republic For all the time today’s students spend learning to write well, Plato is skeptical of those who spend their lives crafting words. In the tenth chapter of The Republic, Socrates condemns poets as imitators. In the dialogue that bears his name, Phaedrus wonders whether words in the constructed rhythms of speech or poetry will obscure Truth, the philosopher’s ultimate goal. Speech-writing is just the clever use of rhetorical deviceRead MoreSocrates s View Of Justice1676 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"But when Socrates was busying himself with ethical questions to the complete neglect of nature as a whole, and was seeking in them for the universal and directing the mind for the first time to definitions, Plato, accepting his teaching, came to the conclusion that it applied to something other than the sensible world: the common definition, he reasoned, could not apply to any of the sensible, since they were always changing,† (Guthrie). Socrates was constantly wrappe d up in thought about how theRead MoreComparing and Contrasting Platos The Republic and Thomas Mores Utopia590 Words   |  3 Pageswork. In Plato’s Republic a person duty is determined by their natural ability. Unlike Thomas Mores Utopia, Socrates believes that a person should focus on achieving the most for themselves rather than the community being primary purpose. Plato’s Republic greatly supports the idea of inequality, and shows that social stratification is essential for the movement of the economy. For a country to function, there must be some sort of hierarchy and inequality. In page 118 of the republic Socrates states

What Everybody Dislikes About Professional Academic Writing Services and Why

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Importance of play free essay sample

What is play and why is it important? Play is the primary way for children to learn. It is essential to development because it contributes to the physical, social, and emotional well-being of children. It is through play that much of children’s early learning is achieved. Of it benefits, it offers to parents the opportunity to engage fully with their children. Through play children learn about shapes, colors, cause and effect, and about themselves. It allows children to use their creativity and emotional strength. Through play, children at an early age interact in the world around them. Play allows children to conquer their fears, to practice decision-making, move at their own pace, discover their own areas of interest and to learn how to interact with other children and make friends. There is a lot of different types and stages of play that children will take part in, depending on their age, mood and social setting. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of play or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Unoccupied play: the child is relatively stationary and appears to be performing random movements with no apparent purpose. A relatively infrequent style of play. Solitary play: the child is are completely engrossed in playing and does not seem to notice other children. Most often seen in children between 2 and 3 years-old. Onlooker play: child takes an interest in other children’s play but does not join in. May ask questions or just talk to other children, but the main activity is simply to watch. Parallel play: the child mimics other children’s play but doesn’t actively engage with them. For example they may use the same toy. Associative play: now more interested in each other than the toys they are using. This is the first category that involves strong social interaction between the children while they play. Cooperative play: some organisation enters children’s play, for example the playing has some goal and children often adopt roles and act as a group. Play is a cherished part of childhood that offers children important developmental benefits and parents the opportunity to fully engage with their children.